Epson Apex 386/33 (Canadian Product) Manuale Utente

KEEN-330433MHz 386™ SYSTEMUser’sManual

Figure 2-11: 5MB Total Onboard System Memory...14Figure 2-12: 8MB Total Onboard System Memory...14Figure 2-13: Location of Processor..

Chapter 4Keyboard

KeyboardIn this chapter you will learn:nthe basics of your keyboard and its functionsnhow to adjust your keyboard angleA computer keyboard sends messa

4-1 Keyboard LayoutCurrently several keyboard styles are available for PC/AT/XT com-patible computers. The most popular are the PC keyboard, the PC/AT

4-2 Getting Acquainted with Your KeyboardBefore you begin using your computer, you should become familiarwith some keyboard functions. Your keyboard i

KeysFunctionTurns on and off the numeric mode on the numeric keypadUsed for division operations.Used for multiplication operations.Used for subtractio

Mode Indicator LightsIn addition to the character, number and control keys, every keyboardhas three lights that indicate the typing mode. These lights

Special KeysBelow are some special keys on your keyboard.Figure 4-5: Special KeysCheck out the above key functions in the table below and in Table 4-1

QWERTY KeysThese are the same keys which are used on a typewriter.Figure 4-6: QWERTY KeysKeysFunctionPerforms a tab function similar to that of a type

Cursor KeysThese keys move the cursor in the indicated direction.Figure 4-7: Cursor KeysKey CombinationsThe keys shown below have special functions wh

4-3 Keyboard Tilt AdjustmentUnder the rear of the keyboard are two small legs that can be pulledout or pushed in to change the keyboard angle to suit

Chapter 4KEYBOARDFigure 4-1: Keyboard Layout...2Figure 4-2: Function Keys...3Figure 4-3: Numeric Keypad...

Troubleshooting

TroubleshootingIn this chapter you will learn about:nthe basics of how to solve software/hardware problemsnwhen to get technical help for your compute

5-1 Command ProblemsOften what appears to be a big problem is in fact just a matter of a smalloversight. Before taking your computer in to the shop fo

Are you using a startup disk?Is your disk formatted?Is the system configuration correct?Are all the external and internal connectors are con-nected we

5-2 Electrical ProblemsMost electrical problems (except blackouts) can be avoided if you runyour system on a dedicated electrical line. That is, ensur

Hardware error messages:These messages are related to the computer’s internal components,your monitor, mouse, or printer. Hardware problems are usuall

Examples of System Error MessagesSystem crashThe cursor cannot be moved and does not respond to the keyboard.This could indicate a software crash. Ma

5-3 System BIOS Error Message8254 Error- Indicates a 8254 timer controller failure.8237 Error- Indicates a 8237 DMA controller failure.74612 Error- In

Parity Error but Segment isn’t Found, Press any Key toContinue- Indicates that the NMI circuit has detected a RAM parityerror.System Memory Mismatch,

List of TablesChapter 1SYSTEM OVERVIEWTable 1-1 : Power Cord Specifications...15Table 1-2: Floppy Disk Specifications...18

AppendixThis chapter provides:n technical informationnjumper settings in your systemninformation on moving your computerThis manual is not a techn

6-1 Disk DrivesUp to seven floppy/hard disk drives may be installed in the system unit.installation of a hard disk is essentially the same as that for

Slide the disk drive, back end first, into the disk drive bay.Figure 6-2: Installing the Floppy Disk DrivesNext, connect the floppy/hard disk controll

Figure 6-3: Connecting a Floppy Disk DriveFigure 6-4: Connecting a Floppy Disk Drive to an FDC Card4Chapter 6: Appendix

One edge of the ribbon cable is marked with a color line.This specific line side of the connector should be at pin 1when attached to the card. Pin 1 i

Hard DiskThe installation of a hard disk drive is similar to that for a floppy diskdrive.First fasten the bracket on the drive.Figure 6-6: Fasten the

lNext, place the disk drive inside the bay and fasten thebrackets to the chassis.Refer to the figure below:Figure 6-7: Installing a Hard Disk DriveCha

Figure 6-6: Connecting a Hard Disk DriveFigure 6-9: Connecting a Hard Disk to a HDC Card8Chapter 6: Appendix

Connect the power cable and the hard disk controller cables. Note thatthere is only one possible way to connect the power cable and harddisk cables ow

6-2 Expanding Your Memory with a PEI-306 RAM CardThe PEI-306 ‘386 RAM Card is a flexible memory solution for yoursystem’s motherboard. The PEI-306 ‘38

Chapter 6APPENDIXTable 6-1: Jumpers W1-W3 Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12Table 6-2: DRAM Chip Speed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Card SetupMemory BanksThe ‘386 RAM Card memory is divided into three banks. At the veryleast, bank 0 must be full for the card to function. By setting

Jumper SettingsJumpers W1 - W3 allow you to set the DRAM type of banks 0 - 2 foreither 411000 RAM or 41256 RAM.Jumper W1 selects bank 0, W2 selects ba

DRAM Chip SpeedThe PEM-3300/PEM-3301 mainboard has a clock speed which re-quires the use of 80ns DRAM on the ‘386 RAM Board. For othermainboards, refe

I

Installing Your PEI-306 RAM CardHaving ensured that the power to the system is switched OFF, refer toFigure 2-35 for your computer to open it up.You w

About This ManualWhat’s InsideHere’s what you’ll find in this manual:Chapter 1 —“System Overview”, gets you acquainted with the basicconcepts of your

Expansion Slots and Slot CoversBefore you install the PEI-306 RAM Card in your computer, make surethe computer is unplugged, and remove any static ele

6-3 Moving Your Computer and PeripheralsYour personal computer and its peripheral components are highlysensitive machines that can be damaged easily t

6-4 Technical InformationThe Intel 80386 MicroprocessorYour mainboard uses an Intel 80386-33 microprocessor running at33MHz.The Intel 80386 is a high-

Cache Organization— Direct-Mapped CacheThe direct-mapped cache memory is an alternative to associative-cache memory, which uses a single address compa

Figure 6-14: Direct-Mapped Cache OrganizationChapter 6: Appendix25

The direct-mapped cache organization diagram above shows howdata contained in cache are accessed.For example, if the 80386 requests data at the addres

Cache Coherency —Hardware TransparencyWrite-Back eliminates stale data in the main memory caused by acache-write operation. However, if a cache is use

Figure 6-15: Cache Architecture28Chapter 6: Appendix

Bus WidthThe 80386 microprocessor supports two types of accesses: Memory,and Input/Output. Each type of access can be 32, 24, 16, or 8 bits wide.Memor

System Memory MapThe AT-compatible system memory map is as follows:Figure 6-16: System Memory Map30Chapter 6: Appendix

How to Use this ManualFor the advanced userIf you are an experienced PC user and do not want to upgrade yoursystem now and you want to start using you

System TimersThere are three programmable timer/counters in the 8254 portion ofthe VLSI 82C100 chip. The three independent 18-bit counters and sixsoft

Interrupt ControllersTable 6-9: Interrupt Controllers32Chapter 6: Appendix

DMA ChannelsYour mainboard supports up to seven DMA channels. Two 8237 DMAcontrollers are in the VLSI 82C100 chip. Each 8237 has four DMAchannels. DMA

Refresh of system memory by the system microprocessorThere are six 16-bit adapter (one 62-pin and one 36-pin con-nector) slots, two 8-bit adapter (one

Figure 6-18:Thirty-Slx Pin I/O ChannelsI/O Channel Signal DescriptionThe following is a description of the system board’s I/O channelsignals. All sign

LA17 Through LA23 (I/O)These signals (unlatched) are used to address memory and I/Odevices within the system. They give the system up to 16 MB ofaddre

-I/O CH CK (I)I/O channel check provides the system board with parity (error)information about memory or devices on the I/O channel. When thissignal i

-SMEMR (O) -MEMR(I/O)These signals instruct the memory devices to drive data onto the databus. “-SMEMR” is active only when the memory decode is withi

AEN (O)“Address Enable” is used to degate the microprocessor and otherdevices from the I/O channel to allow DMA transfers to take place.When this line

OSC (O)“Oscillator” (OSC) is a high-speed clock with a 70-nanosecond period(14.31818 MHz). This signal is not synchronous with the system clock.It has

I/O Address MapThe I/O address map of your mainboard is given below. Note that theI/O addresses from hex 000 to hex OFF are reserved for the mainboard

Keyboard ControllerThe keyboard controller is based on the 8042(U128) single-chipmicroprocessor and is used to support the PEM-3301 keyboard inter-fac

Output Port Bit DefinitionPin 21 - Bit 0System ResetPin22-Bit1Gate A20 of system processor0 A20 inhibited1 A20 Not inhibitedPin 23-Bit 2UndefinedPin24

Figure 6-19: Pin Assignments of the 32-bit Memory ExpansionBus44Chapter 6: Appendix

GlossarySome of the terms you will come across frequently in this manual aredefined here.add-on card- This card connects through expansion slots to th

BIOSbitbootbusbyte-This stands for Basic Input Output System. BIOS controlsthe real-time clock and disk drives as well as thecomputer’s peripheral equ

data- Any kind of information. However, this word is generallyused to describe computer-related information.debugging- A method for correcting compute

driver- A program that lets a peripheral device and a computerfunction harmoniously; a hard disk driver controls exchan-ges between a hard disk and a

interface- A means for electronic machines to communicate. Inter-face also means to communicate with a computer and itsperipheral components.kilobyte

System OverviewThis chapter covers: the basics of your system the system’s features and specifications control panel features and connectors outside o

ns- Nanoseconds. This is a unit of time measurement forprocessing speed.operating system-This is software that controls the execution of programs.outp

ROM- Read Only Memory. This is data stored on an IC in thecomputer.RS-232- RS232 is a standardized communications interface be-tween data communicatio

1-1 IntroductionThis manual will guide you through the setup of your computer andprovide the information necessary to tailor the system to fit your ne

1-2 Quick StartIf you are an experienced user anxious to start using your computer,observe the figure below to set up your personal computer. You will

KEEN-3304Personal ComputerUser’s ManualEdition 1.0The following does not apply to any country where such provisions are inconsistentwith local law:We

1-3 FeaturesA brief description of your system is given below:Compatibility with PC/ATIntel® 80386 - 33 microprocessorOptional 80387 - 33 or Weitek® W

1-4 SpecificationsCPU — Intel 386™ microprocessor, 33MHzRAM — Maximum - 16MB with PEI-306 RAM CardCycle Time - 80nsData Bus Bandwidth - 32 bitsROM — 3

1-5 Example of a System ConfigurationThe basic system is pictured below. You may choose peripherals andupgrades for the system as your needs require.

1-6 System UnitThe system unit may house a motherboard, disk drives, a power supplyand optional expansion cards.Figure 1-3: System Unit CaseChapter 1:

1-7 Control PanelThe control panel provides several useful functions which are ex-plained below. You are likely to use the front panel frequently, so

KeylockThe keylock enables or disables the keyboard. In the unlock mode thekeyboard is activated. In the lock mode the keyboard is disabled todeny una

1-8 Rear PanelThe rear panel has all the connections that lead from the system unitto external peripherals and the power source. Turn off all powerswi

Keyboard ConnectorThe keyboard supplied with your system can be plugged into socketsin front of the case. Plug the keyboard cable into the socket show

Power Cord ConnectorThe power supply has two receptacles: one supplies power to amonitor; the other connects to the main power source.Figure 1-8: Syst

Display PortYou will also need to connect your monitor to the system unit at afemale display port in one of the expansion slots as shown on theprevio

Federal Communications Commission (FCC) StatementRadio Frequency Interference StatementThis equipment has been tested and found to comply with the lim

Power Voltage SettingThe system unit can run on either 115V or 230V as indicated in Figure1-10. The voltage setting switch is located above the monito

Table 1-7: Power Cord SpecificationsChapter 1: System Overview15

1-9 Other PeripheralsTo connect other peripherals (printers, modems, etc.) determine whichports are to be used by referring to your expansion card man

1-10 Disk DrivesYou can install up to six disks drives in the system unit of either with5.25” or 3.5” sizes. More information about how to install dis

Floppy Disk DriveWith a floppy disk drive you can format and use single, double-sidedor high-density floppy disks.One double-sided 5.25” floppy disk c

Copy ProtectionYou can copy protect a disk to prevent accidental storage of informa-tion or viral infection onto that disk by covering the notch on th

Hard DisksYour system is very powerful and versatile. To make full use of all itscapabilities, it is best to use a hard disk. A hard disk can raise yo

1-11 KeyboardYour keyboard has a set of function keys, cursor keys and a numerickeypad. The figure below shows a typical keyboard. Refer to Chapter4 f

1-12 Maintaining Your EquipmentRead and follow carefully all the instructions and warnings in thismanual and on these products!Only use a damp cloth t

Chapter 2Setting UpYour System

WarningReconfiguringTo keep the computer from being damaged, NEVER recon-figure the board while the power is ON.If you wish to reconfigure the compute

Setting Up Your SystemIn this chapter you will learn about:how to assemble a knocked-down systemhow to upgrade your systemSetting up a system is easy

2-1 PEM-3301 MotherboardIf your motherboard is the PEM-3301, the layout of your board will beas pictured on the next page.The PEM-3301 motherboard use

Figure 2-1: PEM-3301 Motherboard LayoutChapter 2: Setting Up Your System3

Onboard System Memory SizeThe PEM-3301 mainboard has two kinds of dual sockets for CacheRAM and one kind of SIMM socket for DRAM.Chip InsertionRemembe

Switch SettingsThe location of the six-switch DIP SW1 can be seen below. Eachswitch has an ON and OFF position (usually the ON position is labeled,the

Memory Size (Bank 0, Bank 1)2MB(1 MB, 1 MB)4MB(4MB, 0MB)5MB(1 MB, 4MB)8MB(4MB, 4MB)Switch SW1 (4 - 5)Table 2-2:Onboard 32-Bit MemoryNote:The switch se

This is caused by different methods of testing memoryamong BIOSes. The solution is to set the switches for thetotal 32-bit memory in accordance with t

Jumper Options and Connectors of PEM-3301 MainboardAfter the switches are set correctly, other attachments and jumperoption adjustments on the mainboa

JumperA jumper is a kind of switch which uses a plastic cap with a metalinterior to connect (short) two pins. If a jumper needs to be left open,you sh

Quick Reference of Jumper Settings for PEM-3301 MainboardJ1 — Keyboard Lock-/Power LEDJ2 — Turbo LEDJ3 — Reset connectorJ4 — Speaker ConnectorJ5 — Pow

ContentsChapter 1SYSTEM OVERVIEW...11-1 Introduction...2Operating System...

Jumpers for Cache and Main Memory ConfigurationThe tables on below indicate the jumper settings required for differentSRAM cache configurations.The ca

Figure 2-7: Cache Configurations12Chapter 2: Setting Up Your System

Figure 2-8: 1MB Total Onboard MemoryFigure 2-9: 2MB Total Onboard Memory14Chapter 2: Setting Up Your System

Figure 2-10: 4MB Total Onboard MemoryFigure 2-11: 5MB Total Onboard MemoryChapter 2: Setting Up Your System15

Figure 2-12: 8MB Total Onboard memory16Chapter 2: Setting Up Your System

Installing Processor on MainboardThe PEM-3301 mainboard supports the Intel 80386-33 processor. Theprocessor chip should be inserted into the processor

Installing Numeric CoprocessorIf you process numeric data, a math coprocessor will make your workmore efficient.The PEM-3301 mainboard supports the In

Shadow RAMFor higher performance, the PEM-3301 has two shadow RAM func-tions. Shadow RAM is one of the features of the PEM-3301. Your BIOSor diskette

If you use DTK or Phoenix 1.1002 BIOS, you can enable or disablethese two shadow RAM functions through your BIOS setup.If your BIOS does not support s

Chapter 2SETTING UP YOUR SYSTEM...2-1 PEM-3301 Motherboard...2Restrictions...2O

ROM InstallationTo install the ROM chips, refer to the illustration below for the locationof the DIP sockets and ROM selection jumper W7 on the mainbo

2-2 PEM-3300 MotherboardIf your motherboard is the PEM-3300, the layout of your board be aspictured on the next page.The PEM-3300 motherboard uses a c

Figure 2-17: PEM-3300 Motherboard LayoutChapter 2: Setting Up Your System23

Onboard System Memory SizeThe PEM-3300 mainboard has two kinds of dual sockets — one forCache RAM and a SIP socket for DRAM.Chip InsertionRemember tha

Switch SettingsThe location of the six-switch DIP SW1 can be seen below. Eachswitch has an ON and OFF position (usually the ON position is labeled,the

Table 2-9: Onboard 32-Bit MemoryNote:The switch setting for onboard 32-bit memory must matchthe physical memory installed onboard.The switch setting o

This is caused by different methods of testing memoryamong BIOSes. The solution is to set the switches for thetotal 32-bit memory in accordance with t

IJumper Options and Connectors of PEM-3300 MainboardAfter the switches are set correctly, other attachments and jumperoption adjustments on the mainbo

JumperA jumper is a kind of switch which uses a plastic cap with a metalinterior to connect (short) two pins. If a jumper needs to be left open,you sh

Quick Reference of Jumper Settings for PEM-3300 MainboardJ1 — Keyboard Lock/Power LEDJ2 — Reset ConnectorJ3 — Speaker ConnectorJ4 — Turbo LED Connecto

Chapter 3Operating Your System...13-1 An Introduction to DOS...2Loading DOS...

Jumpers for Cache and Main Memory ConfigurationThe tables on below indicate the jumper settings required for differentSRAM cache configurations.The ca

Figure 2-23: Cache Configurations64KB cache256KB cache32Chapter 2: Setting Up Your System

Table 2-12: DRAM ConfigurationsChapter 2: Setting Up Your System33

Figure 2-24:1MB Total Onboard Memory — Configuration AFigure 2-25:1MB Total Onboard Memory — Configuration B34Chapter 2: Setting Up Your System

Figure 2-26: 2MB Total Onboard Memory — Configuration AFigure 2-27: 2MB Total Onboard Memory — Configuration BChapter 2: Setting Up Your System35

Bank 0 = (266Kbit x 9 RAM module) x 4 piecesFigure 2-28: 2MB Total Onboard memory — Configuration C36 Chapter 2: Setting Up Your System

Bank 0 = 1Mbit x 36 piecesFigure 2-29: 4MB Total Onboard memory — Configuration AFigure 2-30: 4MB Total Onboard memory — Configuration BChapter 2: Set

Figure 2-31: 5MB Total Onboard memoryBank 0 = 1Mbit x 36 piecesBank 1 = (1Mbit x 9 RAM module) x 4 piecesFigure 2-32: 8MB Total Onboard memory38Chapte

Installing ProcessorThe PEM-3300 mainboard supports the Intel 80386-33 processor. Theprocessor chip should be inserted into the processor socket (U161

Installing Numeric CoprocessorIf you process numeric data, a math coprocessor will make your workmore efficient.The PEM-3300 mainboard supports the In

Chapter 5TROUBLESHOOTING. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15-1 Command Problems. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2-3 InstallationThe time may come when you want to upgrade your system. To do so,you may need to remove the cover of the unit. This is easily ac-compl

2-4 Connection to Power SupplyIf your power supply has not been attached to your motherboard, youmay need to attach the power supply cable to the main

The pinouts for the power supply connectors are as follows:Table 2-13: Power Supply PinoutsOnce you have completed connecting the cables the RAM Card

Operating Your SystemIn this chapter you will learn:the basics of system BIOSa few MS-DOS functionsThe software that your system will use falls into t

3-1 An Introduction to DOSDOS stands for Disk Operating System. This is a set of commandsused to control the operations of a computer and its peripher

3-2 Setup UtilityA system setup program is included in your BIOS on the motherboard.The setup program is used to key in the configuration you want for

If you reconfigure your system, you will need to enter the setupprogram. When you restart the system, press the <ESC> key quicklyjust after the

FoIlowing are examples of the setup program screen and promptwindows you will see in using the program. If you choose item 1 fromThe screen on the pre

List of FiguresChapter 1SYSTEM OVERVIEWFigure 1-1: Quick Start...3Figure 1-2: System Configuration...6Figure 1-

Once you have entered all appropriate information and exited bychoosing item 9, you will be asked to confirm that the configurationdata are correct.Fi

CalculatorThe calculator can be used if you press <Ctrl>, <Alt>, <5> (on the keypad). Pressing <Esc> will exit this utility.No

3-3 DOS OperationsFollowing is a brief explanation of a few DOS functions. If you want adetailed explanation of all the DOS commands, refer to your DO

Formatting DiskYou must format a floppy disk before it can be used.Formatting high-density disk:To format a high-density disk, type the following at t

Backing up your Diskettes and FilesIn order not to lose your files through disk damage or accidentaldeletion it is important to back up all your files

Deleting your Diskettes and FilesYou may want to erase diskettes or unnecessary files to make room forother data.Erasing a diskette:To erase a whole d

Listing Disk FilesIf you want to find out what files are on a disk, you can list its directoryby using the <DIR> command.If you want to display

3-4 Hard Disk Drive FormatA hard disk must be formatted before it can be read from or written to.If your hard disk requires this, you should carry out

Step 3 — FormatThe DOS command “Format” verifies the media and moves the systemfile onto the hard disk drive. The command should be keyed in as:A>

3-5 Helpful HintsThis chapter ends with a few hints-they may save you some time orhelp you as you use your computer.Make copies of your diskettes regu